Pregnancy is the period in which a woman face so many problems and pain for for carrying baby in her womb. A woman needs extra energy, extra nutrients for the development of baby inside her. One of the problems women face during pregnancy is Hb deficiency or iron deficiency during or anemia.
In pregnancy woman requires more blood for baby and mother both. Low level of blood or the total blood present in the body is less than the lower limit of normal blood range, called anemia or anemia during pregnancy. Where as mild low in blood and Hb is ok but serious deficiency may cause serious anemia during pregnancy. Due to low level of blood present in the body responsible for iron and other nutrients deficiency.
Anemia effects the health of fetus and mother during pregnancy. Hemoglobin is a type of protein present in the red blood cells which Carrie's oxygen to the all parts of body. RBC is a type of blood cells present in the body. WBC and platelets are other two types of cells present in the blood.
Pregnant woman requires more blood than normal in the pregnancy. Normal range of Hemoglobin to a non-pregnant woman is 9 - 15 g/dl. And normal range of hemoglobin to a pregnant woman are 10.0 - 15.8 g/dl. Below 10.0 shows a mild anemia. Pregnant woman should take folic acid and iron supplements before pregnancy.
Types of anemia:
Anemia is the low level of blood or nutrients present in the body. There are many types of anemia but mainly 3 types of anemia are seen which is:
Iron deficiency anemia
Folate deficiency anemia
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
These iron, folate and vitamin B12 are the important for the healthy red blood cells in the body.
Iron deficiency anemia:
In iron deficiency anemia healthy red blood cells counts less in quantity in the pregnant woman body. Hemoglobin are present in the iron which Carrie's oxygen to the other parts of body. So iron is a important part for supplying oxygen in the body. Iron deficiency develops when iron level is insufficient for the sufficient level of hemoglobin.
Iron deficiency anemia is a most common type of anemia in the world. Iron can take by food and iron Supplements.
Red meat, eggs, spinach, beetroot, jaggery, etc are good source of iron.
Blood consists of 3 types of blood cells RBC, WBC, platelets. Iron deficiency anemia lower the level of RBC in the blood. Heavy periods bleeding after delivery, bleeding from wounds etc are causes of iron deficiency anemia.
Fatigue, pale skin color, dizziness, difficulty in breathing are the symptoms of iron deficiency anemia.
Folate deficiency anemia:
Folate is also called folic acid and vitamin B9. Folic acid deficiency anemia occurs due to low level of folate on the body. Folic acid is used for the synthesis of DNA precursors. And also used in the closure of anterior and posterior neuro rope. Mainly it helps in the development of the nervous system of the fetus.
Folate present in the body helps to produce healthy red blood cells in the bone marrow. Folate also effects white blood cells and platelets deficiency along with red blood cells deficiency.
Main source of folate are green leafy vegetables, bananas, melons, legumes, cereals, citrus fruits, etc.
Folic acid can also take by folic acid supplements. It should start from when you are trying to conceive.
Folate deficiency anemia causes the neural tube malfunction to the baby and also effects the development of nervous system of the baby.
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia:
Below the low level of vitamin B12 in the body cause vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. It is also known as cobalamin. Vitamin B12 is used for the synthesis of DNA and its cell division. It effects the production of red blood cells in the body. Vitamin B12 deficiency also cause heart attacks stroke in the mother.
Soreness of tongue, shortness of breath, easy fatigue, are some symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Peripheral blood smear test, measures MCV test, and test serum level of vitamin B12 are performed to diagnose the vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia causes the neurological defunction, soreness of tongue, glossitis which difficulty in talking and swallowing occurs.
Main source of vitamin B12 are dairy products, meat, eggs, animal products etc.
To treat this vitamin B12 deficiency anemia doctor advices supplements and injections of vitamin B12.
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